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✔️ DGCA Radio Navigation 060-18 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) 0xf0rd

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#1. NAVSTAR/GPS operates in the … band the receiver determines position by …:

UHF range position lines

UHF secondary radar principles

SHF secondary radar principles

SHF range position lines

#2. The NAVSTAR/GPS control segment comprises:

the space segment, the user segment and the ground segment

a ground segment and the INMARSAT geostationary satellites

a master control station, a back-up control station and five monitoring stations

a master control station, a back-up control station, five monitoring stations and the INMARSAT geostationary satellites

#3. The orbital height and inclination of the NAVSTAR/GPS constellation are:

20 180 km, 65∘

20 180 km, 55∘

19 099 km, 65∘

19 099 km, 55∘

#4. The model of the earth used for NAVSTAR/GPS is:

WGS90

PZ90

WGS84

PZ84

#5. The minimum number of satellites required for a 3D fix is:

#6. The NAVSTAR/GPS operational constellation comprises how many satellites?

#7. The most accurate fixing information will be obtained from:

four satellites spaced 90∘ apart at 30∘ above the visual horizon

one satellite close to the horizon and 3 equally at 60∘ above the horizon

one satellite directly overhead and 3 equally spaced at 60∘ above the horizon

one satellite directly overhead and 3 spaced 120∘ apart close to the horizon

#8. The most significant error of GNSS is:

PDOP

receiver clock

ionospheric propagation

ephemeris

#9. The frequency available to non-authorized users of NAVSTAR/GPS is:

1227.6 MHz

1575.42 MHz

1602 MHz

1246 MHz

#10. The purpose of the pseudo-random noise codes in NAVSTAR/GPS is to:

identify the satellites

pass the almanac data

pass the navigation and system data

pass the ephemeris and time information

#11. The minimum number of satellites required for receiver autonomous integrity monitoring is:

#12. If a receiver has to download the almanac, the time to do this will be:

2.5 minutes

12.5 minutes

25 minutes

15 minutes

#13. The use of LAAS and WAAS remove the errors caused by:

propagation, selective availability, satellite ephemeris and clock

selective availability, satellite ephemeris and clock

PDOP, selective availability and propagation

receiver clock, PDOP, satellite ephemeris and clock

#14. The most accurate satellite fixing information will be obtained from:

NAVSTAR/GPS & GLONASS

TRANSIT & NAVSTAR/GPS

COSPAS/SARSAT & GLONASS

NAVSTAR/GPS & COSPAS/SARSAT

#15. A LAAS requires:

an accurately surveyed site on the aerodrome and a link through the INMARSAT geostationary satellites to pass corrections to X, Y & Z coordinates to aircraft

an accurately surveyed site on the aerodrome and a link through the INMARSAT geostationary satellites to pass satellite range corrections to aircraft

an accurately surveyed site on the aerodrome and a system known as a pseudolite to pass satellite range corrections to aircraft

an accurately surveyed site on the aerodrome and system known as a pseudolite to pass corrections to X, Y & Z coordinates to aircraft

#16. The position derived from NAVSTAR/GPS satellites may be subject to the following errors:

selective availability, sky wave interference, PDOP

propagation, selective availability, ephemeris

PDOP, static interference, instrument

ephemeris, PDOP, siting

#17. EGNOS is:

the proposed European satellite navigation system

a LAAS

a WAAS

a system to remove errors caused by the difference between the model of the earth and the actual shape of the earth

#18. The PRN codes are used to:

determine the time interval between the satellite transmission and receipt of the signal at the receiver

pass ephemeris and clock data to the receivers

synchronize the receiver clocks with the satellites clocks

determine the range of the satellites from the receiver

#19. The availability of two frequencies in GNSS:

removes SV ephemeris and clock errors

reduces propagation errors

reduces errors caused by PDOP

removes receiver clock errors

#20. The NAVSTAR/GPS reference system is:

A geo-centred 3D Cartesian coordinate system fixed with reference to the sun

A geo-centred 3D Cartesian coordinate system fixed with reference to the prime meridian, equator and pole

A geo-centred 3D Cartesian coordinate system fixed with reference to space

A geo-centred 3D system based on latitude, longitude and altitude

#21. The initial range calculation at the receiver is known as a pseudo-range, because it is not yet corrected for:

receiver clock errors

receiver and satellite clock errors

receiver and satellite clock errors and propagation errors

receiver and satellite clock errors and ephemeris errors

#22. The navigation and system data message is transmitted through the:

50 Hz modulation

the C/A and P PRN codes

the C/A code

the P code

#23. An all-in view receiver:

informs the operator that all the satellites required for fixing and RAIM are in available

checks all the satellites in view and selects the 4 with the best geometry for fixing

requires 5 satellites to produce a 4D fix

uses all the satellites in view for fixing

#24. When using GNSS to carry out a non-precision approach the MDA will be determined using:

barometric altitude

GPS altitude

radio altimeter height

either barometric or radio altimeter altitude

#25. If an aircraft manoeuvre puts a satellite being used for fixing into the wing shadow then:

the accuracy will be unaffected

the accuracy will be temporarily downgraded

the receiver will automatically select another satellite with no degradation in positional accuracy

the receiver will maintain lock using signals reflected from other parts of the aircraft with a small degrading of positional accuracy

#26. Which of the following statements concerning NAVSTAR/GPS time is correct?

Satellite time is the same as UTC

The satellite runs its own time based on seconds and weeks which is independent of UTC

The satellite runs its own time based on seconds and weeks which is correlated with UTC

Satellite time is based on sidereal time

#27. The positioning of a GNSS aerial on an aircraft is:

in the fin

on the fuselage as close as possible to the receiver

on top of the fuselage close to the centre of gravity

under the fuselage

#28. Concerning NAVSTAR/GPS orbits, which of the following statements is correct?

The inclination of the orbits is 55∘ with an orbital period of 12 hours

The inclination of the orbits is 55∘ with an orbital period of 24 hours

The orbits are geostationary to provide global coverage

The orbits are inclined at 65∘ with an orbital period of 11 hours 15 minutes

#29. The NAVSTAR/GPS segments are:

space, control, user

space, control, ground

space, control, air

space, ground, air

#30. An aircraft GNSS receiver is using 5 satellites for RAIM. If the receiver deselects one satellite then the flight should be continued:

using 4 satellites with the pilot monitoring the receiver output

using alternative navigation systems

using alternative radio navigation systems only

using inertial reference systems only

#31. The number of satellites required to produce a 4D fix is:

#32. Using differential GNSS for a non-precision approach, the height reference is:

barometric

GNSS

radio

radio or GNSS

#33. The number of satellites required to provide a 3D fix without RAIM is:

#34. ‘Unauthorized’ civilian users of NAVSTAR/GPS can access:

the P and Y codes